Different Assessment Strategies: Candy DNA lab, DNA activity sheet, Replication Drawing, DNA Quiz, RNA transcription review, Protein Synthesis Brochure, "Life Story Video question sheet (participation points), DNA extraction lab (Partner work, individual write-up grade), Karyotyping computer lab, DNA fingerprinting computer lab, Genetic Engineering Posters Rubric, DNA Test , Genetic Disorder Research Paper
Candy DNA Lab handout and assessment:
3D Candy Model of DNA Name(s): ____________________________
Using marshmallows, licorice, tootsie rolls and toothpicks, you will construct a 3D model of DNA.
Here's How:
- Gather together 12 red licorice pieces, 12 tootsie rolls, colored marshmallows, and 35 toothpicks.
- Assign names to the colored marshmallows to represent nucleotide bases. There should be four different colors each representing adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine.
- Assign names to the red licorice pieces and tootsie rolls, with one representing the deoxyribose sugar molecule and the other representing the phosphate molecule.
- Attach half of the licorice pieces and tootsie rolls together lengthwise alternating between the two.
- Repeat the procedure for the remaining licorice pieces and tootsie rolls to create a total of two stands of equal length.
- Connect two different colored marshmallows together using the toothpicks.
- Connect the toothpicks with the candy to either the red licorice segments only or the tootsie rolls only, so that the candy pieces are between the two strands.
Tips:
- When connecting the base pairs be sure to connect the ones that pair naturally in DNA. For example, adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.
- The base pairs should be connected to the candy that represents the sugar molecules.
List the four nitrogen bases and their corresponding colors of marshmallows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
What did you use to represent the Phosphate group?
What did you use to represent the Deoxyribose sugar?
What do the toothpicks represent?
Draw a DNA strand at least 5 base pairs long, and label all parts of the molecule:
DNA ACTIVITY SHEET Name: ________________________
1. Name the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide (3 points):
2. How many different nitrogen bases are found in DNA? What are their names? (4 points)
3. What are the base-pairing rules for the nitrogen bases? (2 points)
4. If there are 15 Cytosines and 23 Thymines in a chain of DNA, how many Guanines are there? (1 point)
5. If there are 17 Guanines and 55 Adenines in a chain of DNA, how many Thymines are there? (1 point)
6. Complete the following sequences: (3 points)
TGA AAC CCC TAT GCC
CGA GGG TGC CCT AAG
GAG TCC CAG AAA TCT
THE STEPS OF REPLICATION Name: __________________
Construct a sequential diagram of the main steps of DNA replication. This can be accomplished with a diagram, cartoon drawing, chart, etc, and should include the four main steps of replication. If you choose to create a cartoon drawing, be sure to label all steps. (5 points)
Quiz: DNA structure and Replication
Name: __________________
1. Fill in the missing nitrogen bases: (4 points)
2. Circle a complete nucleotide, including all three parts. (1 point)
3. What do the circles represent? (1 point)
4. What do the pentagons represent? (1 point)
5. Suppose a strand of DNA has the sequence CCG-ATA-GTC-TTA-CCA. What will be the sequence of the complementary strand created during replication? (1 point)
6. What are the two main jobs of DNA polymerase during replication? (2 points)
RNA Transcription Activity Sheet Name: __________________
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE (12 points)
|
DNA |
RNA |
Ribose present |
|
|
Deoxyribose present |
|
|
Phosphate group present |
|
|
Adenine present |
|
|
Thymine present |
|
|
Uracil present |
|
|
Guanine present |
|
|
Cytosine present |
|
|
Double stranded |
|
|
Single stranded |
|
|
Remains in nucleus |
|
|
Moves out of nucleus |
|
|
Suppose you have the following strands of DNA; show the strands of mRNA that would be created to pass along the genetic code to the ribosomes: ( 1 point each)
GCA TCA CCG AAG CGA TAG
TGA ACA CCC GAT CTC AAG
AAT GCG GGA TCT AAA GTC
“Life Story” video question sheet Name: __________________
1. What kinds of obstacles did Rosalind Franklin face while working at King’s College in London? Give examples.
2. Do you think it was ethical of Maurice Wilkins to share Franklin’s photo 51 with Watson, without obtaining permission first? Why or why not?
3. Was it ethical of Watson to share with Crick what he had seen in the photo, and then not give credit to Franklin in their final paper on the double helix? Why or why not?
4. If Rosalind Franklin had still been alive in 1962; do you think she should have shared the Nobel Prize with Watson, Crick, and Wilkins? Why or why not?
Making A Poster: Poster rubric |
CATEGORY |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
Required Elements |
The poster includes all required elements as well as additional information. |
All required elements are included on the poster. |
All but 1 of the required elements is included on the poster. |
Several required elements were missing. |
Labels |
All items of importance on the poster are clearly labeled. |
Almost all items of importance on the poster are clearly labeled. |
Many items of importance on the poster are clearly. |
Labels are too small to view OR no important items were labeled. |
Attractiveness |
The poster is exceptionally attractive in terms of design, layout, and neatness. |
The poster is attractive in terms of design, layout and neatness. |
The poster is acceptably attractive though it may be a bit messy. |
The poster is distractingly messy or very poorly designed. It is not attractive. |
Grammar |
There are no grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster. |
There are 1-2 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster. |
There are 3-4 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster. |
There are more than 4 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster. |
DNA TEST Name __________________
1. (5 points) Draw a strand of DNA and label the following: Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nucleotide, nitrogen bases (A, T, C, G), and hydrogen bonds.
2. (2 points) According to the “base-pairing” rules, adenine always pairs with _________ and guanine always pairs with ___________.
3. (1 point) Suppose a strand of DNA has the sequence 3’ ATT – GAC – TTC – ATG – GCA 5’ What will be the sequence of the complementary strand created during replication?
4. (1 point) During the replication process, hydrogen bonds will be broken between
a) Guanine and Uracil c) Cytosine and Guanine
b) Adenine and Cytosine d) Thymine and Guanine
5. (1 point) Because DNA is too large to leave the nucleus, the code for proteins must be transcribed and sent to the ribosomes. This is accomplished with:
a) mRNA c) anticodons
b) nucleotides d) tRNA
6. (3 points) Briefly describe (2-4 sentences) the controversy surrounding the discovery of DNA’s structure, the Double Helix. Be sure to mention the names James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin in your answer.
7. (9 points) Complete the following chart:
DNA |
mRNA |
Amino Acid |
tRNA |
3’ G
C
T
A
C
C
G
T
5’ G |
|
|
|
8. (2 points) List the 2 main functions of DNA polymerase during the replication process:
9. (3 points) Name 3 differences between DNA and RNA:
10. (1 point) Which 2 scientists first proposed the double helix arrangement of DNA?
a) Watson and Crick c) Watson and Wilkins
b) Franklin and Wilkins d) Crick and Franklin
11. (1 point) Two types of RNA molecules are:
a) Transfer RNA and translation RNA c) Adenine and Thymine
b) Messenger RNA and transfer RNA d) Cytosine and Guanine
12. (1 point) What is the name of the process, where DNA is first copied, and then translated into proteins?
a) Protein Synthesis c) Replication
b) Translation d) Transcription
13. (1 point)
What belongs in the empty box?
a) Transcription c) polymerase
b) Translation d) RNA
14. (1 point) Proteins are made of long chains of _________ __________.
15. (1 point) Three nucleotides in a row (AUG, GAC, etc) are called ___________ when found on a strand of mRNA.
16. (1 point) Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the exposed bases on a DNA strand during the process of Transcription?
a) messenger RNA c) DNA polymerase
b) RNA polymerase d) Ribose
17. (1 point) The three steps of Transcription, in order, are:
a) Elongation, Termination, Initiation c) Elongation, Initiation,Termination
b) Initiation, Termination, Elongation d) Initiation, Elongation,Termination
18. (1 point) Which cell organelles are most closely associated with protein synthesis?
a) ribosomes c) mitochondria
b) chloroplasts d) nucleus
19. (1 point) The correct order of molecules involved in protein synthesis is:
a) DNA, mRNA, protein, tRNA c) mRNA, tRNA, DNA, protein
b) tRNA, protein, mRNA, DNA d) DNA, mRNA, tRNA, protein
Genetic Disorder Research Paper:
Guidelines:
Over the next few days, you will be conducting research on a particular genetic disorder. On Thursday you will have research time in the library, and on Friday we will be in the computer lab (109).
The final paper is due to me by MONDAY APRIL 25 th
Topics you should discuss in your paper:
• Symptoms of the disorder
• How is it diagnosed?
• Genetic basis of the disorder -mode of inheritance (dominant or recessive? Sex-linked?)
• Has the gene responsible been identified? (location on chromosome, or which chromosomes have an extra copy or are missing)
• Are there tests available to predict the disorder?
• Are there treatments available?
• Statistics on the disorder among specific populations in the United States and world (Is it characteristic of one ethnic group over another?)
• Historical perspective (Any famous people that had or have the disorder?)
Graded on the following scale: (Revised from my cooperating teacher's rubric):
Work Cited Page: 10 pts.
Work Ethic in library and computer lab (on task) 15 pts.
Correct Conclusions (or answers to questions): 30 pts.
Directions followed (answered all required elements): 15 pts.
Paper neatly done (typed, formatted, grammer, spelling, etc): 10 pts.